The primary differences between a Schengen student visa and a national student visa are given below.

Feature

Schengen Student Visa (Type C)

National Student Visa (Type D)

Purpose

Short-term study programs, language courses, or conferences

Long-term academic programs (bachelor’s, master’s, PhD)

Validity Duration

Up to 90 days within a 180-day period

More than 90 days (typically 1 year, renewable)

Applicable Countries

Schengen Area (26 countries)

Specific to one country (e.g., Germany, France, Italy)

Work Rights

Not allowed to work

Part-time work usually allowed (varies by country)

Travel Across Schengen Zone

Yes, for the duration of the visa

Usually no, unless additional permits are granted

Extension Possibility

Cannot be extended beyond 90 days

Can often be extended or converted to residence permit

Best For

Short courses, workshops, exchanges

Full-time academic degrees